What is the main purpose of a crime scene investigation?

The main purpose of a crime scene investigation is to collect, preserve, and analyze physical evidence. This process is critical in establishing the facts of a case, identifying suspects, and providing the necessary evidence to support a prosecution. Physical evidence, such as fingerprints, DNA, and ballistic materials, can provide objective information about what occurred during a crime. This evidence is vital for building a case and can often be the cornerstone of legal proceedings.

Collecting and preserving this evidence must be done meticulously to prevent contamination or degradation, which could compromise the investigation. Through careful analysis, investigators can reconstruct events, link suspects to the scene, and establish timelines, ultimately leading to a clearer understanding of the crime.

While interrogating witnesses and suspects is important, it relies heavily on the evidence gathered at the crime scene. Monitoring police conduct is essential for accountability but does not relate to the primary goal of investigating the crime itself. Ensuring immediate arrests is not always feasible or appropriate, as thorough investigative steps must be taken before making an arrest to ensure that it is lawful and supported by evidence.